You’re pregnant and suddenly a whole new world of appointments, checkups, and milestones await you. But one question keeps coming up: When should you have ultrasounds during pregnancy? The timing of these ultrasounds reveals more than just the baby’s growth—it can define their entire developmental journey. So when exactly are they done… and why?
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Key Ultrasound Milestones
Ultrasounds are essential tools for monitoring the baby’s development and the mother’s health during pregnancy. While the number and timing may vary depending on the case, there is a general schedule with specific milestones.
These ultrasounds help observe the baby and detect conditions that may require medical attention. Below are the key ultrasound moments during pregnancy.
6–9 Weeks: Pregnancy Confirmation
In this early stage, a transvaginal ultrasound is typically performed to confirm the pregnancy and check that it is located inside the uterus. It is especially helpful for:
- Confirming the pregnancy.
- Accurately determining gestational age.
- Identifying if it is a single or multiple pregnancy.
- Visualizing the embryo from week 6 and detecting a heartbeat from week 7.
- Ruling out an ectopic pregnancy.
This ultrasound sets a foundation for future monitoring and helps detect complications early.
11–13 Weeks: First Trimester Ultrasound
Also known as the first official ultrasound, this is usually done between weeks 11 and 14. Its main goals are:
- Confirming that the pregnancy is progressing well.
- Measuring nuchal translucency to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities.
- Observing the early formation of the fetus and monitoring the heartbeat.
- Evaluating placental position and amniotic fluid levels.
This scan plays a crucial role in identifying genetic conditions early and gaining insight into how the pregnancy is progressing.
18–22 Weeks: Anatomy Scan
This is one of the most detailed ultrasounds. Also called the morphology scan, it provides an in-depth look at fetal anatomy and can detect malformations. It typically includes:
| Fetal anatomy | Organs like the heart, kidneys, brain, spine, and limbs are examined. |
| Fetal growth | The baby’s size is measured to ensure proper development. |
| Placenta and umbilical cord | Their location and function are assessed. |
| Amniotic fluid | Checked for appropriate levels. |
| Baby’s sex | May be identified if the parents want to know. |
Besides being informative, this scan often becomes a memorable emotional moment for families.
32–36 Weeks: Optional or Medically Indicated Follow-Up
The third-trimester ultrasound is the final one generally recommended. Its main purpose is to assess birth readiness and rule out late complications. It evaluates:
- Fetal growth: Measurements include abdominal circumference and femur length.
- Fetal position: Determines if the baby is head-down.
- Placenta: Checks its position, maturity, and conditions such as placenta previa.
- Amniotic fluid: Monitored for healthy levels.
- Fetal heart rate: Indicates the baby’s condition.
This ultrasound helps plan for delivery and anticipate any medical interventions if needed.
Although timing may vary based on individual needs, these stages provide a general guide for prenatal monitoring. Following your healthcare provider’s recommendations ensures the best possible care throughout pregnancy.
What to Expect During Ultrasound Appointments
Knowing what to expect before, during, and after the appointment can help you feel more prepared and relaxed. Here’s a breakdown of how a typical prenatal ultrasound appointment unfolds.
Before the Appointment
Good preparation can make the experience smoother and more effective. Consider the following:
- Preparation: For some ultrasounds, especially in the first trimester, you may be asked to have a full bladder to improve image quality.
- Comfortable clothing: Wear loose, comfortable clothes and remove any metal objects that could interfere with the scan.
- Questions: Write down any concerns or topics you’d like to discuss during your visit.
During the Appointment
An ultrasound visit usually includes several key steps. Here’s what to expect:
| Step | What Happens |
| Medical history | The provider will ask about previous pregnancies, medical conditions, medications, and current symptoms. |
| Physical exam | May include checking your blood pressure, weight, and general health status. |
| Ultrasound scan | A handheld transducer is used on the abdomen or vaginally (depending on gestational age) to view the baby. |
After the Appointment
After the ultrasound, you’ll continue with the next steps:
- Results: Findings are shared with your primary doctor, who will go over them with you and advise if further monitoring is needed.
- Next appointments: You’ll be informed when to return for your next prenatal checkup or additional scans.
An ultrasound is a special moment to check in on the pregnancy and the baby’s well-being. Being prepared, knowing what’s being evaluated, and asking questions can help you feel more confident throughout the process.
What if Something Seems Wrong?
Ultrasounds are essential tools to detect potential complications. If something unusual is observed, the scan can provide an early and accurate view of the issue. This enables informed decision-making at earlier stages.
Ultrasounds also monitor the placenta, amniotic fluid, and blood flow—factors that are key to both maternal and fetal well-being. In cases involving multiple pregnancies, miscarriage, or unusual fetal positioning, they offer critical insights for managing the pregnancy.
Their real-time imaging capability allows healthcare teams to respond quickly to concerns, plan necessary care, and improve outcomes. Staying consistent with ultrasound appointments and maintaining open communication with your care team helps ensure a safer and more informed pregnancy.
Sources:
- Molander, E., Alehagen, S., & Berterö, C. M. (2010). Routine ultrasound examination during pregnancy: a world of possibilities. Midwifery, 26(1), 18-26.
- Gudex, C., Nielsen, B. L., & Madsen, M. (2006). Why women want prenatal ultrasound in normal pregnancy. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 27(2), 145-150.